Ques 1 : Choose the correct answer
There is a new data-type which can take as values natural numbers between (and including) 0 and 25. How many minimum bits are required to store this data-type.
Option 1 : 4 Option 2 : 5 Option 3 : 1 Option 4 : 3
Ques 2 : Choose the correct answer
A data type is stored as an 6 bit signed integer. Which of the following cannot be represented by this data type?
Option 1 : -12 Option 2 : 0 Option 3 : 32 Option 4 : 18
Ques 3 : Choose the correct answer
A language has 28 different letters in total. Each word in the language is composed of maximum 7 letters. You want to create a data-type to store a word of this language. You decide to store the word as an array of letters. How many bits will you assign to the data-type to be able to store all kinds of words of the language.
Option 1 : 7 Option 2 : 35 Option 3 : 28 Option 4 : 196
Ques 4 : Choose the correct answer
A 10-bit unsigned integer has the following range:
Option 1 : 0 to 1000 Option 2 : 0 to 1024 Option 3 : 1 to 1025 Option 4 : 0 to 1023
Ques 5 : Choose the correct answer
Rajni wants to create a data-type for the number of books in her book case. Her shelf can accommodate a maximum of 75 books. She allocates 7 bits to the data-type. Later another shelf is added to her book-case. She realizes that she can still use the same data-type for storing the number of books in her book-case. What is the maximum possible capacity of her new added shelf?
Option 1 : 52 Option 2 : 127 Option 3 : 53 Option 4 : 75
Ques 6 : Choose the correct answer
A new language has 15 possible letters, 8 different kinds of punctuation marks and a blank character. Rahul wants to create two data types, first one which could store the letters of the language and a second one which could store any character in the language. The number of bits required to store these two data-types will respectively be:
Option 1 : 3 and 4 Option 2 : 4 and 3 Option 3 : 4 and 5 Option 4 : 3 and 5
Ques 7 : Choose the correct answer
Parul takes as input two numbers: a and b. a and b can take integer values between 0 and 255. She stores a, b and c as 1-byte data type. She writes the following code statement to process a and b and put the result in c.

c = a + 2*b

To her surprise her program gives the right output with some input values of a and b, while gives an erroneous answer for others. For which of the following inputs will it give a wrong answer?
Option 1 : a = 10 b = 200 Option 2 : a = 200 b = 10 Option 3 : a = 50 b = 100 Option 4 : a = 100 b = 50
Ques 8 : Choose the correct answer
Prashant takes as input 2 integer numbers, a and b, whose value can be between 0 and 127. He stores them as 7 bit numbers. He writes the following code to process these numbers to produce a third number c.

c = a - b

In how many minimum bits should Prashant store c?
Option 1 : 6 bits Option 2 : 7 bits Option 3 : 8 bits Option 4 : 9 bits
Ques 9 : Choose the correct answer
Ankita takes as input 2 integer numbers, a and b, whose value can be between 0 and 31. He stores them as 5 bit numbers. He writes the following code to process these numbers to produce a third number c.

c = 2*(a - b)

In how many minimum bits should Ankita store c?
Option 1 : 6 bits Option 2 : 7 bits Option 3 : 8 bits Option 4 : 9 bits
Ques 10 : Choose the correct answer
A character in new programming language is stored in 2 bytes. A string is represented as an array of characters. A word is stored as a string. Each byte in the memory has an address. The word "Mahatma Gandhi" is stored in the memory with starting address 456. The letter 'd' will be at which memory address?
Option 1 : 468 Option 2 : 480 Option 3 : 478 Option 4 : 467
Ques 11 : Choose the correct answer
Stuti is making a questionnaire of True-false questions. She wants to define a data-type which stores the response of the candidate for the question. What is the most-suited data type for this purpose?
Option 1 : integer Option 2 : boolean Option 3 : float Option 4 : character
Ques 12 : Choose the correct answer:
A pseudo-code is used. Assume that when two data-types are processed through an operator, the answer maintains the same data-type as the input data-types. Assume that all data-types have enough range to accommodate any number. If two different data-types are operated on, the result assumes the more expressive data-type.
What will be the output of the following pseudo-code statements:
integer a = 456,   b, c, d =10
b = a/d
c = a - b
print c
Option 1 : 410 Option 2 : 410.4 Option 3 : 411.4 Option 4 : 411
Ques 13 : Choose the correct answer:
A pseudo-code is used. Assume that when two data-types are processed through an operator, the answer maintains the same data-type as the input data-types. Assume that all data-types have enough range to accommodate any number. If two different data-types are operated on, the result assumes the more expressive data-type.
// in pseudo code refers to comment
What will be the output of the following pseudo-code statements:
integer a = 984,   b, c, d =10
print remainder(a,d) // remainder when a is divided by d
a = a/d
print remainder(a,d) // remainder when a is divided by d
Option 1 : 48 Option 2 : Error Option 3 : 84 Option 4 : 44
Ques 14 : Choose the correct answer:
Assume the following precedence (high to low). Operators in the same row have the same precedence:
(.)
*   /  
+   -
AND
OR
For operators with equal precedence, the precedence is from left-to-right in expression.
What will be the output of the following code statements?

integer a = 50, b = 25, c = 0
print ( a > 45 OR b > 50 AND c > 10 )
Option 1 : 1 Option 2 : 0 Option 3 : -1 Option 4 : 10
Ques 15 : Choose the correct answer:
Assume the following precedence (high to low). Operators in the same row have the same precedence:
(.)
*   /  
+   -
AND
OR
For operators with equal precedence, the precedence is from left-to-right in expression.
What will be the output of the following code statements?

integer a = 50, b = 25, c = 5
print a * b / c + c
Option 1 : 120 Option 2 : 125 Option 3 : 255 Option 4 : 250
Ques 16 : Choose the correct answer:
Assume the following precedence (high to low). Operators in the same row have the same precedence:
(.)
*   /  
+   -
AND
OR
For operators with equal precedence, the precedence is from left-to-right in expression.
What will be the output of the following code statements?

integer a = 10, b = 35, c = 5
print a * b / c - c
Option 1 : 65 Option 2 : 60 Option 3 : Error Option 4 : 70
Ques 17 : Choose the correct answer:
Assume the following precedence (high to low). Operators in the same row have the same precedence:
(.)
*   /  
+   -
AND
OR
For operators with equal precedence, the precedence is from left-to-right in expression.
integer a = 10, b = 35, c = 5
Comment about the output of the two statements?
print a * b + c / d
print c / d + a * b
Option 1 : Differ due to left-to-right precedence Option 2 : Differ by 10 Option 3 : Differ by 20 Option 4 : Same
Ques 18 : Choose the correct answer:
Assume the following precedence (high to low). Operators in the same row have the same precedence:
(.)
*   /  
+   -
AND
OR
For operators with equal precedence, the precedence is from left-to-right in expression.
integer a = 40, b = 35, c = 20, d = 10

Comment about the output of the following two statements:

print a * b / c - d
print a * b / (c - d)
Option 1 : Differ by 80 Option 2 : Same Option 3 : Differ by 50 Option 4 : Differ by 160
Ques 19 : Choose the correct answer:
Assume the following precedence (high to low). Operators in the same row have the same precedence:
(.)
*   /  
+   -
AND
OR
For operators with equal precedence, the precedence is from left-to-right in expression.
integer a = 60, b = 35, c = -30

What will be the output of the following two statements:
print ( a > 45 OR b > 50 AND c > 10 )
print ( ( a > 45 OR b > 50 ) AND c > 10 )
Option 1 : 0 and 1 Option 2 : 0 and 0 Option 3 : 1 and 1 Option 4 : 1 and 0
Ques 20 : Choose the correct answer:
A pseudo-code is used. Assume that when two data-types are processed through an operator, the answer maintains the same data-type as the input data-types. Assume that all data-types have enough range to accommodate any number. If two different data-types are operated on, the result assumes the more expressive data-type.
// in pseudo code refers to comment
What will be the output of the following pseudo-code statements:
integer a = 984,   b=10
//float is a data-type to store real numbers.
float c
c = a / b
print c
Option 1 : 984 Option 2 : 98.4 Option 3 : 98 Option 4 : Error
Ques 21 : Choose the correct answer:
A pseudo-code is used. Assume that when two data-types are processed through an operator, the answer maintains the same data-type as the input data-types. Assume that all data-types have enough range to accommodate any number. If two different data-types are operated on, the result assumes the more expressive data-type.
// in pseudo code refers to comment
What will be the output of the following pseudo-code statements:
integer a = 984
//float is a data-type to store rational numbers.
float b= 10, c
c = a / b
print c
Option 1 : 984 Option 2 : Error Option 3 : 98.4 Option 4 : 98
Ques 22 : Choose the correct answer
Smriti wants to make a program to print the sum of square of the first 5 whole numbers (0...4). She writes the following program:

integer i = 0 // statement 1
integer sum = 0 // statement 2
while ( i < 5 ) // statement 3
{
  sum = i*i // statement 4
  i = i + 1 // statement 5
}  
print sum // statement 6

Is her program correct? If not, which statement will you modify to correct it?
Option 1 : No error, the program is correct. Option 2 : Statement 1 Option 3 : Statement 4 Option 4 : statement 6
Ques 23 : Choose the correct answer
Shashi wants to make a program to print the sum of the first 10 multiples of 5. She writes the following program, where statement 5 is missing:

integer i = 0
integer sum = 0  
while ( i <= 50 )
{
    sum = sum + i
  -- MISSING STATEMENT 5 --
}  
print sum

Which of the following will you use for statement 5?
Option 1 : i = 5 Option 2 : i = 5 * i Option 3 : i = i + 1 Option 4 : i = i + 5
Ques 24 : Choose the correct answer
Shantanu wants to make a program to print the sum of the first 7 multiples of 6. He writes the following program:

integer i = 0 // statement 1
integer sum   // statement 2
while ( i <= 42 ) // statement 3
{
  sum = sum + i // statement 4
  i = i + 6;   
}  
print sum // statement 6

Does this program have an error? If yes, which one statement will you modify to correct the program?
Option 1 : Statement 1 Option 2 : Statement 2 Option 3 : Statement 3 Option 4 : Statement 4
Ques 25 : Choose the correct answer
Sharmili wants to make a program to print the sum of all perfect cubes, where the value of the cubes go from 0 to 100. She writes the following program:

integer i = 0, a    // statement 1
integer sum = 0;
a = ( i * i * i )
while ( i < 100 ) // statement 2
{
  sum = sum + a // statement 3
  i = i + 1
  a = ( i * i * i )   // statement 4

}  
print sum

Does this program have an error? If yes, which one statement will you modify to correct the program?
Option 1 : Statement 1 Option 2 : Statement 2 Option 3 : Statement 3 Option 4 : Statement 4 Option 5 : No error
Ques 26 : Choose the correct answer
Bhavya wants to make a program to print the sum of all perfect squares, where the value of the squares go from 0 to 50. She writes the following program:

integer i = 1, a // statement 1
integer sum = 0
while ( a < 50 ) // statement 2
{
  sum = sum + a // statement 3
  i = i + 1
  a = ( i * i );   // statement 4
}  
print sum

Does this program have an error? If yes, which one statement will you modify to correct the program?
Option 1 : Statement 1 Option 2 : Statement 2 Option 3 : Statement 3 Option 4 : Statement 4 Option 5 : No error
Ques 27 : Choose the correct answer
Vijay wants to print the following pattern on the screen:
2
2 4
2 4 6
2 4 6 8

He writes the following program:

integer i = 1, j=2 // statement 1
while ( i <= 4 ) // statement 2
{
  j = 2;
  while ( j <= ? ) // Statement 3
  {
    print j
    print blank space
    j = j + 2
  }
  print end-of-line \takes the cursor to the next line
  i = i + 1
}

What is the value of ? in statement 3 ::
Option 1 : 8 Option 2 : i Option 3 : 2*i Option 4 : 4
Ques 28 : Choose the correct answer
Shravanti writes the following program:

integer i = 0, j
while ( i < 2 )
{
  j = 0;
  while ( j <= 3*i )
  {
    print j
    print blank space
    j = j + 3
  }
  print end-of-line \takes the cursor to the next line
  i = i + 1
}

What will be the output of the program?
Option 1 : 0
0 3		 Option 2 : 0 3
0 3 6		 Option 3 : 0
0 3 6
0 3 6 9		 Option 4 : 0 3 6
0 3 6 9
0 3 6 9 12
Ques 29 : Choose the correct answer
Vijay wants to print the following pattern on the screen:
1
1 2
1 2 3

He writes the following program:

integer i = 1 // statement 1
while ( i <= 3 )
{  
  int j // Statement 2
  while ( j <= i ) // Statement 3
  {
    print j
    print blank space
    j = j + 1 // Statement 4
  }
  print end-of-line \takes the cursor to the next line
  i = i + 1
}

Will this program function correctly? If not which one statement will you modify to make the program function correctly?
Option 1 : Statement 1 Option 2 : Statement 2 Option 3 : Statement 3 Option 4 : Statement 4 Option 5 : Program does not have error.
Ques 30 : Choose the correct answer
Charu writes the following program:

integer i = 1, j, a
while ( i <= 4 )
{
  j = 1;
  a = 0;
  while ( a <= 5*i )
  {
    a = 2^j;
    print a
    print blank space
    j = j + 1
  }
  print end-of-line \takes the cursor to the next line
  i = i + 1
}

What will be the output of the program?
Option 1 : 2
2 4
2 4 8
2 4 8 16		 Option 2 : 2 4
2 4 8
2 4 8 16
2 4 8 16 32		 Option 3 : 2 4
2 4 8
2 4 8
2 4 8 16		 Option 4 : 2
2 4
2 4
2 4 8 16
Ques 31 : Choose the correct answer
Himanshu wants to write a program to print the larger of the two inputted number. He writes the following code:

int number1, number 2
input number1, number 2
if ("??") // Statement 1
print number1
else
print number2
end if
Fill in the ?? in statement 1.
Option 1 : number1>number2 Option 2 : number2>number1 Option 3 : number2 equals number1 Option 4 : number1 <= number2
Ques 32 : Choose the correct answer
Shalini wants to program to print the largest number out of three inputted numbers. She writes the following program:

int number1, number 2, number3, temp;
input number1, number2, number3;
if (number1>number2)
temp = number1
else
  temp = number2
end if
if (??) // Statement 1
  temp = number3
end if
print temp

Fill in the ?? in Statement 1
Option 1 : number3 > number2 Option 2 : number3 > temp Option 3 : number3 < temp Option 4 : number3 > number1
Ques 33 : Choose the correct answer
Rohit writes the following program which inputs a number and prints "Double digit" if the number is composed of two digits and "Not a double digit" if it is not.

int number;
if (number>10 AND number < 100)
  print "Double digit"
else
  print "Not a double digit"
end if

Rohit tries the following inputs: 5 and 66. The program works fine. He asks his brother Ravi to try the program. When Ravi enters a number, the program doesn't work correctly. What did Ravi enter?   
Option 1 : 8 Option 2 : 100 Option 3 : 99 Option 4 : 10
Ques 34 : Choose the correct answer
Rohan writes the following program which inputs a number and prints "Triple digit" if the number is composed of three digits and "Not triple digit" if it is not.

int number;
if (number>99)
  print "Triple digit"
else
  print "Not triple digit"
end if

Rohan tries the following inputs: 25 and 566. The program works fine. He asks his brother Ravi to try the program. When Ravi enters a number, the program doesn't work correctly. What did Ravi enter?   
Option 1 : 99 Option 2 : 100 Option 3 : 0 Option 4 : 1000
Ques 35 : Choose the correct answer
Abhinav wants to find the largest number in a given list of 20 numbers. Which of the following is an efficient approach to do this?
Option 1 : Use bubble sort to sort the list in descending order and then print the first number of the series. Option 2 : Use selection sort to sort the list in descending order and then print the first number of the series. Option 3 : Implement one iteration of selection sort for descending order and print the first number in the series. Option 4 : None of these
Ques 36 : Choose the correct answer
Lavanya wants to find the smallest number out of 26 inputted numbers. How many minimum comparisons he has to make?
Option 1 : 25 Option 2 : 13 Option 3 : 26 Option 4 : 52
Ques 37 : Choose the correct answer
A company offers commission for selling it products to its salesperson. The commission rate is Rs. 5 per product. However if the salesperson sells more than 200 items, he gets a commission of Rs. 10 on all items he sold after the first 200. Kanu writes a program to calculate the commission for the salesperson:

integer numberProducts, commission
input numberProducts

if ( numberProducts > 200 )
-- MISSING STATEMENT --
else
commission = numberProducts * 5
end if
print commission

Fill in the missing statement.
Option 1 : commission = (numberProducts - 200) * 10 Option 2 : commission = 200 * 5 + (numberProducts - 200) * 10 Option 3 : commission = numberProducts * 10 Option 4 : None of these
Ques 38 : Choose the correct answer
Vikram wants to write a program which checks whether the inputted number is divisible by any of the first 6 natural numbers (excluding 1). He writes the following efficient code for it.

int number, n = 2, isdivisible=0
input number
while ( n <=6) // Statement 1
{
  if ( remainder (number, n) == 0)
    isdivisible = 1
  end
  n = n+1 // Statement 2
}
if (isdivisible equals 1)
  print "It is divisible"
else
  print "It is not divisible"
end

Vikram takes the program to Hari. Hari tells Vikram that though the code is correct, it can be made more efficient. Hari modifies a single statement and makes the code more efficient. Which statement does he modify and how?
Option 1 : Statement 1 is changed to:
while (n <=6 AND isdivisible=0)		 Option 2 : Statement 1 is changed to:
while (n <=6 OR isdivisible=0)		 Option 3 : Statement 1 is changed to:
while (isdivisible=0)		 Option 4 : Statement 2 is changed to:
n = n + 2
Ques 39 : Choose the correct answer
Rajiv wants to make a program which inputs two numbers: a and b (a>b) and   computes the number of terms between a and b (including a and b). What will be code statement to do this:
Option 1 : a - b Option 2 : a - b + 1 Option 3 : a + b Option 4 : a - b - 1
Ques 40 : Choose the correct answer
I have a problem to solve which takes as input a number n. The problem has a property that given the solution for (n-1), I can easily solve the problem for n. Which programming technique will I use to solve such a problem?
Option 1 : Iteration Option 2 : Decision-making Option 3 : Object Oriented Programming Option 4 : Recursion
Ques 41 : Choose the correct answer:
A pseudo-code is used with the following meaning.
"pointer" is a data-type which contains memory address (or pointers)
Statement "a = *b" puts the value at the memory address referenced by b into a.
Statement "a = &b" puts the memory address of b into a.
Statement "*b = a" puts the value a at the memory address referenced by b.
What is the output of the following code statements? The compiler saves the first integer at the memory location 4062. Integer is one byte long.

integer a
pointer b
a = 20
b = &a
print *b
Option 1 : 4062 Option 2 : 4063 Option 3 : 20 Option 4 : 10
Ques 42 : Choose the correct answer:
A pseudo-code is used with the following meaning.
"pointer" is a data-type which contains memory address (or pointers)
Statement "a = *b" puts the value at the memory address referenced by b into a.
Statement "a = &b" puts the memory address of b into a.
Statement "*b = a" puts the value a at the memory address referenced by b.
What is the output of the following code statements? The compiler saves the first integer at the memory location 4165 and the rest at consecutive memory spaces in order of declaration. Integer is one byte long.

integer a, b
pointer c, d
a = 30
c = &a
b = *c
a = a + 10
print b
Option 1 : 30 Option 2 : 4165 Option 3 : 40 Option 4 : 4166
Ques 43 : Choose the correct answer:
A pseudo-code is used with the following meaning.
"pointer" is a data-type which contains memory address (or pointers)
Statement "a = *b" puts the value at the memory address referenced by b into a.
Statement "a = &b" puts the memory address of b into a.
Statement "*b = a" puts the value a at the memory address referenced by b.
What is the output of the following code statements? The compiler saves the first integer at the memory location 4165 and the rest at consecutive memory spaces in order of declaration. Integer is one byte long.

integer a
pointer c, d
a = 30
c = &a
d = c
a = a + 10
print *c
Option 1 : 30 Option 2 : 4165 Option 3 : 40 Option 4 : 4166
Ques 44 : Choose the correct answer
What is space complexity of a program?
Option 1 : Amount of hard-disk space required to store the program Option 2 : Amount of hard-disk space required to compile the program Option 3 : Amount of memory required by the program to run Option 4 : Amount of memory required for the program to compile
Ques 45 : Choose the correct answer
The memory space needed by an algorithm has a fixed part independent of the problem instance solved and a variable part which changes according to the problem instance solved. In general, which of these two is of prime concern to an algorithm designer?
Option 1 : Fixed part Option 2 : Variable Part Option 3 : Product of fixed part and variable part Option 4 : None of these
Ques 46 : Choose the correct answer
While calculating time complexity of an algorithm, the designer concerns himself/herself primarily with the run time and not the compile time. Why?
Option 1 : Run time is always more than compile time. Option 2 : Compile time is always more than run time. Option 3 : Compile time is a function of run time. Option 4 : A program needs to be compiled once but can be run several times.
Ques 47 : Choose the correct answer
Pankaj and Mythili were both asked to write the code to evaluate the following expression:
a - b + c/(a-b) + (a-b)2
Pankaj writes the following code statements (Code A):
print (a-b) + c/(a-b) + (a-b)*(a-b)
Mythili writes the following code statements (Code B):
d = (a-b)
print d + c/d + d*d
If the time taken to load a value in a variable, for addition, multiplication or division between two operands is same, which of the following is true?
Option 1 : Code A uses lesser memory and is slower than Code B Option 2 : Code A uses lesser memory and is faster than Code B Option 3 : Code A uses more memory and is faster than Code B Option 4 : Code A uses more memory and is slower than Code B
Ques 48 : Choose the correct answer
Vrinda writes an efficient program to sum two square diagonal matrices (matrices with elements only on diagonal). The size of each matrix is nXn. What is the time complexity of Vrinda's algorithm?
Option 1 : θ(n^2) Option 2 : θ(n) Option 3 : θ(n*log(n)) Option 4 : None of these
Ques 49 : Choose the correct answer
Tarang writes an efficient program to add two upper triangular 10X10 matrices (elements on diagonal retained). How many total additions will his program make?
Option 1 : 100 Option 2 : 55 Option 3 : 25 Option 4 : 10
Ques 50 : Choose the correct answer
Ravi and Rupali are asked to write a program to sum the rows of a 2X2 matrices stored in the array A.
Ravi writes the following code (Code A):
for n = 0 to 1
  sumRow1[n] = A[n][1] + A[n][2]
end

Rupali writes the following code (Code B):  
sumRow1[0] = A[0][1] + A[0][2]
sumRow1[1] = A[1][1] + A[1][2]

Comment upon these codes (Assume no loop-unrolling done by compiler):
Option 1 : Code A will execute faster than Code B. Option 2 : Code B will execute faster than Code A Option 3 : Code A is logically incorrect. Option 4 : Code B is logically incorrect.
Ques 51 : Choose the correct answer
There is an array of size n initialized with 0. Akanksha has to write a code which inserts the value 3k at position 3k in the array, where k=0,1…(till possible). Akanksha writes an efficient code to do so. What is the time complexity of her code?
Option 1 : θ(n^2) Option 2 : θ(n) Option 3 : θ(log3(n)) Option 4 : θ(3n)
Ques 52 : Choose the correct answer
There are two matrices A and B of size nXn. The data in both these matrices resides only at positions where both the indices are a perfect square. Rest all positions have 0 as the data. Manuj has available a third matrix initialized with 0's at all positions. He writes an efficient code to put the sum of A and B in C. What is the time complexity of Manuj's program?
Option 1 : θ(n^2) Option 2 : θ(n) Option 3 : θ(n1/2) Option 4 : θ(log(n))
Ques 53 : Choose the correct answer
Ravi has to add an strictly upper triangular (no elements at diagonal) and a strictly lower triangular square matrix (no elements at diagonal) and put the result in a third matrix. What is the time complexity of Ravi's algorithm? Assume that storing a value in a memory space takes negligible time, while each addition between values takes the dominating amount of time.
Option 1 : θ(n^2) Option 2 : θ(n) Option 3 : θ(1) Option 4 : None of these
Ques 54 : Choose the correct answer
We have two 100X3 (rowsXcolumn) matrices containing mid-term exam marks and end-term exam marks of 100 students. Each row refers to a particular student, while columns refer to marks in English, Social Sciences and Maths. The end-term and mid-term marks of each student in each subject have to be added to get his total score in each subject, to be put in a third matrix (100X3). Parinidhi writes a code (Code A), where the outer loop iterates over the rows, while the inner loop iterates over the columns. Shashi writes a code (Code B), where the outer loop iterates over the columns, while the inner loop iterates over rows. Which of the following is true with regard to their code ignoring any caching or memory storage effects?
Option 1 : Code A is faster than Code B Option 2 : Code B is faster than Code A Option 3 : Code A and Code B will run in the same amount of time Option 4 : The comparison between the speed of the codes cannot be made.
Ques 55 : Choose the correct answer
A code takes the following code steps (equivalently time unit) to execute: 5*n3 + 6*n2 + 1. Which of the following is not true about the time complexity of the program?
Option 1 : It has a time complexity of O(n3) Option 2 : It has a time complexity of O(n4) Option 3 : It has a time complexity of O(n2) Option 4 : It has a time complexity of θ(n3)
Ques 56 : Choose the correct answer
We have two programs. We know that the first has a time complexity O(n2), while the second has a complexity ω(n2). For sufficiently large n, which of the following cannot be true?
Option 1 : Both codes have same complexity Option 2 : The first code has higher time complexity than the second Option 3 : The second code has lower time complexity than the first code. Option 4 : Both codes are the same.
Ques 57 : Choose the correct answer
The time complexity of code A is θ(n), while for Code B it is θ(log(n)). Which of the following is true for sufficiently large n?
Option 1 : Both code have the same time complexity Option 2 : Code A has higher time complexity Option 3 : Code B has higher time complexity Option 4 : No comparison can be made between the time complexity of the two codes.
Ques 58 : Choose the correct answer
Rajini is given an efficient code for summing two nXn matrices and putting the result in a third matrix. She is asked to find it's time complexity. She realizes that the number of iterations required is more than n. What can she claim with regard to the complexity of the code?
Option 1 : It is O(n) Option 2 : It is O(n2) Option 3 : It is θ(n) Option 4 : It is ω(n)
Ques 59 : Choose the correct answer
Gautam is given two codes, A and B, to solve a problem, which have complexity θ(n) and θ(n2) respectively. His client wants to solve a problem of size k, which Gautam does not know. Which code will Gautam deliver to the client, so that the execution is faster?
Option 1 : Code A Option 2 : Code B Option 3 : Gautam cannot determine Option 4 : Both codes have the same execution time, so deliver any.
Ques 60 : Choose the correct answer
Surbhi is given two codes, A and B, to solve a problem, which have complexity O(n3) and ω(n4) respectively. Her client wants to solve a problem of size k, which is sufficiently large. Which code will Surbhi deliver to the client, so that the execution is faster?
Option 1 : Code A Option 2 : Code B Option 3 : Surbhi cannot determine Option 4 : Both codes have the same execution time, so deliver any.
Ques 61 : Choose the correct answer
Vibhu is given two codes, A and B, to solve a problem, which have complexity O(n4) and ω(n3) respectively. Her client wants to solve a problem of size k, which is sufficiently large. Which code will Gautam deliver to the client, so that the execution is faster?
Option 1 : Code A Option 2 : Code B Option 3 : Vibhu cannot determine Option 4 : Both codes have the same execution time, so deliver any.
Ques 62 : Choose the correct answer
Pavithra is given two codes, A and B, to solve a problem, which have complexity θ(n3) and ω(n3) respectively. Her client wants to solve a problem of size k, which is sufficiently large. Which code should she deliver to the client in the present scenario?
Option 1 : Code A Option 2 : Code B Option 3 : Both codes have the same execution time, so deliver any. Option 4 : None of these
Ques 63 : Choose the correct answer
Code A has to execute 4*n2 + 64 program statements, while Code B has to execute 32*n program statements for a problem of size n. The time for executing a single program statement is same for all statements. Rajesh was given a problem with a certain size k and he delivered Code A. What could be the possible value of k?
Option 1 : 1000 Option 2 : 5 Option 3 : 10 Option 4 : 3
Ques 64 : Choose the correct answer
Saumya writes a code which has a function which calls itself. Which programming concept is Saumya using?
Option 1 : This is bad programming practice and should not be done. Option 2 : Recursion Option 3 : Decision Making Option 4 : Overloading
Ques 65 : Choose the correct answer
Shrishti writes the code for a function that computes the factorial of the inputted number n.

function factorial(n)
{
  if(n equals 1)
    return 1
  else
-- MISSING STATEMENT --
  end
}

Fill in the missing statement.
Option 1 : return factorial(n-1) Option 2 : return n*factorial(n) Option 3 : return n*(n-1) Option 4 : return n*factorial(n-1)
Ques 66 : Choose the correct answer
Tanuj writes the code for a function that takes as input n and calculates the sum of first n natural numbers.

Function sum( n )
{
  if(??)
    return 1
  else
    return (n + sum(n-1))
  end
}

Fill in ?? in the code.
Option 1 : n equals 1 Option 2 : n equals 2 Option 3 : n >= 1 Option 4 : n > 1
Ques 67 : Choose the correct answer
Saloni writes the code for a function that takes as input n, an even integer and calculates the sum of first n even natural numbers.

function sum( n )
{
  if(n equals 2)
    return 2
  else
    return (n + sum(n-2))
  end
}

She then calls the function by the statement, sum(30). How many times will the function sum be called to compute this sum.
Option 1 : 1 Option 2 : 30 Option 3 : 15 Option 4 : 16
Ques 68 : Choose the correct answer
Consider the following function

function calculate( n )
{
  if(n equals 5)
    return 5
  else
    return (n + calculate(n-5))
  end
}

Shishir calls the function by the statement, calculate(20). What value will the function return?
Option 1 : 50 Option 2 : 200 Option 3 : 35 Option 4 : 20
Ques 69 : Choose the correct answer
Ravi is writing a program in C++. C++ uses the 'for' keyword for loops. Due to distraction, Ravi writes 'gor' instead of 'for'. What will this result to?
Option 1 : The code will not compile. Option 2 : The code will give an error while in execution Option 3 : The code may work for some inputs and not for others. Option 4 : It will create no problems.
Ques 70 : Choose the correct answer
What does a compiler do?
Option 1 : Converts code from a high level language to a low level language Option 2 : Necessarily converts the code into assembly language Option 3 : Converts code from a low level language to a high level language Option 4 : Necessarily converts the code into machine language
Ques 71 : Choose the correct answer
A program is compiled by Tarun on his machine. Whether it will run on a different computer will depend upon:
Option 1 : Operating system on the computer Option 2 : Hardware configuration of the computer Option 3 : Both operating system and hardware configuration Option 4 : The language of the program
Ques 72 : Choose the correct answer
Sakshi writes a code in a high-level programming language on a Pentium-III machine, which she wants to execute on a Motorola chip. What of the following will she run on the code?
Option 1 : An interpreter Option 2 : A compiler Option 3 : A cross-compiler Option 4 : Linker
Ques 73 : Choose the correct answer
Shahaana has a 10,000 line code. She is trying to debug it. She knows there is a logical error in the first 25 lines of the code. Which of the following will be an efficient way of debugging:
Option 1 : Compile the whole code and step into it line by line Option 2 : Use an interpreter on the first 25 lines. Option 3 : Compile the whole code and run it Option 4 : None of these
Ques 74 : Choose the correct answer
Farhan writes a code to find the factorial of an inputted number. His code gives correct answer for some inputs and incorrect answers for others. What kind of error does his program have?
Option 1 : Syntactical error Option 2 : Run-time Error Option 3 : Logical Error Option 4 : None of these
Ques 75 : Choose the correct answer
Reshama is debugging a piece of code which takes several iterations of modifying and executing code, while Mohammad has to deliver a product to the customer, which the customer will run multiple times. Reshama wants her debug cycle to take minimum possible time, while Mohammad wants that his products run time is minimum. What tools should Reshama and Mohammad respectively use on their code?
Option 1 : Compiler, Interpreter Option 2 : Interpreter, Compiler Option 3 : Compiler, Compiler Option 4 : Interpreter, Interpreter
Ques 76 : Choose the correct answer
Gautam writes a program to run on a Motorola processor on his Pentium computer. He wants to see how the program will execute on the Motorola processor using his Pentium machine. What tool will he use?
Option 1 : Compiler Option 2 : Interpreter Option 3 : Assembler Option 4 : Simulator
Ques 77 : Choose the correct answer
Consider the following code:

function modify(y,z)
{
  y = y + 1;
  z = z + 1;
  return y - z
}

function calculate( )
{
  integer a = 5, b = 10, c
 
  c = modify(a, b);
  print a
  print space
  print c
}

Assume that a and b were passed by value. What will be the output on executing function calculate( )?
Option 1 : 11 -5 Option 2 : 10 -5 Option 3 : 6 -5 Option 4 : 5 -5
Ques 78 : Choose the correct answer
Consider the following code:

function modify(b,a)
{
  return a - b
}

function calculate( )
{
  integer a = 5, b = 12, c
 
  c = modify(a, b);
  print c
}

Assume that a and b were passed by reference. What will be the output of the program on executing function calculate( ) ?
Option 1 : 7 Option 2 : -7 Option 3 : Error Option 4 : 8
Ques 79 : Choose the correct answer
Consider the following code:

function modify(y,z)
{
  y = y + 1
  z = z + 1
  return y - z
}

function calculate( )
{
  integer a = 12, b = 20, c
 
  c = modify(a, b);
  print a
  print space
  print c
}

Assume that a and b were passed by reference. What will be the output of the function calculate( ) ?
Option 1 : 12 -8 Option 2 : 13 -8 Option 3 : 12 8 Option 4 : 13 8
Ques 80 : Choose the correct answer
Afzal writes a piece of code, where a set of three lines occur around 10 times in different parts of the program. What programming concept can he use to shorten his program code length?
Option 1 : Use for loops Option 2 : Use functions Option 3 : Use arrays Option 4 : Use classes
Ques 81 : Choose the correct answer
Geetika writes a piece of code, where a set of eight lines occur around 10 times in different parts of the program (Code A). She passes on the code to Deva. Deva puts the set of eight lines in a function definition and calls them at the 10 points in the program (Code B). Which code will run faster using an interpreter?
Option 1 : Code A Option 2 : Code B Option 3 : Code A and Code B will run with the same speed Option 4 : None of these
Ques 82 : Choose the correct answer
Consider the following code:

function modify(a,b)
{
  integer c, d = 2
  c = a*d + b
  return c
}

function calculate( )
{
  integer a = 5, b = 20, c
  integer d = 10
  c = modify(a, b);
  c = c + d
  print c
}

Assume that a and b were passed by value. What will be the output of the function calculate( ) ?
Option 1 : 80 Option 2 : 40 Option 3 : 32 Option 4 : 72
Ques 83 : Choose the correct answer
Consider the following code:

function modify(w,u)
{
  w = w + 2
  u = u - 3
  return (w - u)
}

function calculate( )
{
  integer a = 10, b = 20, c
  c = modify(a, b);
  print a
  print space
  print b
}

Assume that a was passed by value and b was passed by reference. What will be the output of the program on executing function calculate( ) ?
Option 1 : 12 17 Option 2 : 10 17 Option 3 : 12 20 Option 4 : 10 20
Ques 84 : Choose the correct answer
Consider the following function:

function run( )
{
  integer a = 0 // Statement 1
  while (a < 5)
  {
    integer c = 0   // Statement 2
    c = c + 1   // Statement 3
    a = a + 1
  }
  print c   // Statement 4
}

At which statement in this program will the compiler detect an error?
Option 1 : Statement 1 Option 2 : Statement 2 Option 3 : Statement 3 Option 4 : Statement 4
Ques 85 : Choose the correct answer
Which one of the following is the lowest level format to which the computer converts a higher language program before execution?
Option 1 : English code Option 2 : Machine Code Option 3 : Assembly Language Option 4 : System Language
Ques 86 : Choose the correct answer
If you want to write a function that swaps the values of two variables, you must pass them by:
Option 1 : Value only Option 2 : Reference only Option 3 : Either A or B Option 4 : Neither A nor B
Ques 87 : Choose the correct answer
Consider the following code:

if (condition 1) {
  if (condition 2)
  {   // Statement A   }
  else
    if (condition 3)
    { // Statement B }
    else
    { // Statement C }
else
  if (condition 4)
  { // Statement D }
  else
  { // Statement E}
}
Which of the following conditions will allow execution of statement C?
Option 1 : condition1 AND condition3 Option 2 : condition1 AND condition4 AND !condition2 Option 3 : NOT(condition2) AND NOT(condition3) Option 4 : condition1 AND NOT(condition2) AND NOT(condition3)
Ques 88 : Choose the correct answer
Consider the following code:

if (condition 1) {
if (condition 2)
  { // Statement A }
  else
    if (condition 3)
    { // Statement B}
    else
    {// Statement C }
else
  if (condition 4)
  {// Statement D}
  else
  {// Statement E}
}

Which of the following conditions will allow execution of statement E?
Option 1 : condition1 AND condition3 Option 2 : NOT(condition1) AND condition2 AND NOT(condition4) Option 3 : NOT(condition2) AND NOT(condition3) Option 4 : condition1 AND condition4 AND NOT(condition2) AND NOT(condition3)
Ques 89 : Choose the correct answer
Consider the following code:

if (condition 1) {
if (condition 2)
  { // Statement A }
  else
    if (condition 3)
    { // Statement B}
    else
    {// Statement C }
else
  if (condition 4)
  {// Statement D}
  else
  {// Statement E}
}


Which of the following condition will allow execution of statement A?
Option 1 : NOT(condition2) AND NOT(condition3) Option 2 : condition1 AND condition4 AND NOT(condition2) AND NOT(condition3) Option 3 : condition1 AND condition2 AND condition4 Option 4 : NOT(condition1) AND condition2 AND NOT(condition4)
Ques 90 : Choose the correct answer
What does the following function do?

function operation (int a, int b)
{
if (a < b)  
  { return operation(b, a) }
else
  { return a }
}
Option 1 : Returns the max of (a,b) Option 2 : Returns the min of (a,b) Option 3 : Loops forever Option 4 : Always returns the second parameter
Ques 91 : Choose the correct answer
What does the following function do?

function operation (int a, int b)
{
  if (a > b)
  { return operation(b, a) }
  else
  { return a; }
}
Option 1 : Always returns the first parameter Option 2 : Returns the min of (a,b) Option 3 : Returns the max of (a,b) Option 4 : Loops forever
Ques 92 : Choose the correct answer
function g(int n)
{
if (n > 0) return 1;
else return -1;
}

function f(int a, int b)
{
if (a > b) return g(b-a);
if (a < b) return g(a-b);
return 0;
}

If f(a,b) is called, what is returned?
Option 1 : Always -1 Option 2 : 1 if a > b, -1 if a < b, 0 otherwise Option 3 : -1 if a > b, 1 if a < b, 0 otherwise Option 4 : 0 if a equals b, -1 otherwise
Ques 93 : Choose the correct answer
function g(int n)
{
if (n > 0) return 1;
else return -1;
}

function f(int a, int b)
{
if (a > b) return g(a-b);
if (a < b) return g(b-a);
return 0;
}

If f(a,b) is called, what is returned?
Option 1 : 1 if a > b, -1 if a < b, 0 otherwise Option 2 : Always +1 Option 3 : 0 if a equals b, +1 otherwise Option 4 : -1 if a > b, 1 if a < b, 0 otherwise
Ques 94 : Choose the correct answer
function g(int n)
{
if (n > 0) return 1;
else return -1;
}

function f(int a, int b)
{
if (a > b) return g(a-b);
if (a < b) return g(-b+a);
return 0;
}

If f(a,b) is called, what is returned?
Option 1 : Always +1 Option 2 : 1 if a > b, -1 if a < b, 0 otherwise Option 3 : -1 if a > b, 1 if a < b, 0 otherwise Option 4 : 0 if a equals b, -1 otherwise
Ques 95 : Choose the correct answer
function g(int n)
{
if (n > 0) return 1;
else return -1;
}

function f(int a, int b)
{
if (a > b) return g(b-a);
if (a < b) return g(-a+b);
return 0;
}

If f(a,b) is called, what is returned?
Option 1 : Always +1 Option 2 : -1 if a > b, 1 if a < b, 0 otherwise Option 3 : 1 if a > b, -1 if a < b, 0 otherwise Option 4 : 0 if a equals b, -1 otherwise
Ques 96 : Choose the correct answer
Consider the following code:

for i= m to n increment 2
{ print "Hello!" }

Assuming m < n and exactly one of (m,n) is even, how many times will Hello be printed?
Option 1 : (n - m + 1)/2 Option 2 : 1 + (n - m)/2 Option 3 : 1 + (n - m)/2 if m is even, (n - m + 1)/2 if m is odd Option 4 : (n - m + 1)/2 if m is even, 1 + (n - m)/2 if m is odd
Ques 97 : Choose the correct answer
Consider the following code:

for i= m to n increment 2
{ print "Hello!" }

Assuming m < n and (m,n) are either both even or both odd, How many times will Hello be printed?
Option 1 : (n - m + 1)/2 Option 2 : 1 + (n - m)/2 Option 3 : 1 + (n - m)/2 if m is even, (n - m + 1)/2 if m is odd Option 4 : (n - m + 1)/2 if m is even, 1 + (n - m)/2 if m is odd
Ques 98 : Choose the correct answer
Assuming n > 2, What value does the following function compute for odd n?

function f (int n)
{
if (n equals 1) { return 1 }
if (n equals 2) { return f(n-1) + n/2 }
return f(n-2) + n;
}
Option 1 : 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + ... + n Option 2 : 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + ... + n Option 3 : n/2 + (1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + ... + n) Option 4 : 1 + (1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + ... + n)
Ques 99 : Choose the correct answer
Assuming n > 2, What value does the following function compute for even n?

int f (int n)
{
if (n equals 1) { return 1 }
if (n equals 2) { return f(n-1) + n/2 }
return f(n-2) + n
}
Option 1 : 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + ... + n Option 2 : 1 + (2 + 4 + 6 + 8 + ... + n) Option 3 : 1 + n/2 + (4 + 6 + 8 + ... + n) Option 4 : 2 + 4 + 6 + 8 + ... + n
Ques 100 : Choose the correct answer
The for loop is equivalent to a while loop when
Option 1 : There is no initialization expression Option 2 : There is no increment expression Option 3 : A and B combined are true Option 4 : It is never equivalent
Ques 101 : Choose the correct answer
Consider the statement
while (a < 10.0) { a = a*a }

Assuming a is positive, for what value of a will this code statement result in an infinite loop?
Option 1 : a < 1.0 Option 2 : a < sqrt(10) Option 3 : a > sqrt(10) Option 4 : a = 0
Ques 102 : Choose the correct answer
int area(double radius)
{
return PI*radius*radius;
}

Which of the following is always true about the function area?
Option 1 : It returns the area of a circle within the limits of double precision. Option 2 : It returns the area of a circle within the limits of the constant PI. Option 3 : It returns the area of a circle within the limits of precision of double, or the constant PI, whichever is lower. Option 4 : None of the above.
Ques 103 : Choose the correct answer
What does this function compute for positive n?

function   f(int n)
{
  if (n equals 1)
  { return 1 }
  else
  { return f(n-1)/f(n-1) + n }
}
Option 1 : 1 + n Option 2 : 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + n Option 3 : 1 + n, if n > 1, 1 otherwise Option 4 : None of the above
Ques 104 : Choose the correct answer
Which of these is not a data type?
Option 1 : integer Option 2 : character Option 3 : boolean Option 4 : array
Ques 105 : Choose the correct answer
The construct "if (condition) then A else B" is for which of the following purposes?
Option 1 : Decision-Making Option 2 : Iteration Option 3 : Recursion Option 4 : Object Oriented Programming
Ques 106 : Choose the correct answer
In a sequential programming language, code statements are executed in which order?
Option 1 : All are executed simultaneously Option 2 : From top to bottom Option 3 : From bottom to top Option 4 : None of these
Ques 107 : Choose the correct answer
A for-loop is used for which of the following purposes?
Option 1 : Decision-Making Option 2 : Iteration Option 3 : Recursion Option 4 : None of these
Ques 108 : Choose the correct answer
There are two loops which are nested. This implies which one of the following?
Option 1 : Two loop, one after the other Option 2 : Two loops, one inside the others Option 3 : One loop with two different iteration counts Option 4 : Two loops with the same iteration count
Ques 109 : Choose the correct answer
How will 47 be stored as an unsigned 8-bit binary number?
Option 1 : 10111101 Option 2 : 00101111 Option 3 : 10111000 Option 4 : 00101101
Ques 110 : Choose the correct answer
An integer X is saved as an unsigned 8-bit number, 00001011.What is X?
Option 1 : 22 Option 2 : 11 Option 3 : 10 Option 4 : None of these
Ques 111 : Choose the correct answer
A variable cannot be used…
Option 1 : Before it is declared Option 2 : After it is declared Option 3 : In the function it is declared in Option 4 : Can always be used
Ques 112 : Choose the correct answer
What is implied by the argument of a function?
Option 1 : The variables passed to it when it is called Option 2 : The value it returns on execution Option 3 : The execution code inside it Option 4 : Its return type
Ques 113 : Choose the correct answer
Which of the following is true about comments?
Option 1 : They are executed only once. Option 2 : They are not executed Option 3 : A good program does not contain them Option 4 : They increase program execution time.
Ques 114 : Choose the correct answer
Neelam wants to share her code with a colleague, who may modify it. Thus she wants to include the date of the program creation, the author and other information with the program. What component should she use?
Option 1 : Header files Option 2 : Iteration Option 3 : Comments Option 4 : Preprocessor directive
Ques 115 : Choose the correct answer
Shashi writes a program in C++ and passes it on to Pankaj. Pankaj does some indentation in some statements of the code. What will this lead to?
Option 1 : Faster Execution Option 2 : Lower memory requirement Option 3 : Correction of errors Option 4 : Better readability
Ques 116 : Choose the correct answer
Zenab and Shashi independently write a program to find the the mass of one mole of water, which includes mass of hydrogen and oxygen. Zenab defines the variables:
integer hydrogen, oxygen, water // Code A
while Shashi defines the three quantities as:
integer a, b, c   // Code B

Which is a better programming practice and why?
Option 1 : Code B is better because variable names are shorter Option 2 : Code A is better because the variable names are understandable and non-confusing Option 3 : Code A will run correctly, while Code B will give an error. Option 4 : Code B will run correctly, while Code A will give an error.
Ques 117 : Choose the correct answer
For solving a problem, which of these is the first step in developing a working program for it?
Option 1 : Writing the program in the programming language Option 2 : Writing a step-by-step algorithm to solve the problem. Option 3 : Compiling the libraries required. Option 4 : Code debugging
Ques 118 : Choose the correct answer
A robust program has which one of the following features?
Option 1 : It runs correctly on some inputs Option 2 : It is robust to hardware damage Option 3 : It can handle incorrect input data or data types. Option 4 : None of these
Ques 119 : Choose the correct answer
Tarun wants to write a code to divide two numbers. He wants to warn the user and terminate the program if he or she enters 0 as the divisor. Which programming construct can he use to do this?
Option 1 : Iteration Option 2 : Decision-making Option 3 : Recursion Option 4 : None of these
Ques 120 : Choose the correct answer
To solve a problem, it is broken in to a sequence of smaller sub-problems, till a stage that the sub-problem can be easily solved. What is this design approach called?
Option 1 : Top-down Approach Option 2 : Bottom-Up Approach Option 3 : Procedural Programming Option 4 : None of these
Ques 121 : Choose the correct answer
The time complexity of linear search algorithm over an array of n elements is
Option 1 : O (log2 n) Option 2 : O (n) Option 3 : O (n log2 n ) Option 4 : O (n2)
Ques 122 : Choose the correct answer
Rajesh implements queue as a singly-linked linked list. The queue has n elements. The time complexity to ADD a new element to the queue:
Option 1 : O (1) Option 2 : O (log2 n) Option 3 : O (n) Option 4 : O (n log2 n )
Ques 123 : Choose the correct answer
The time required to insert an element in a stack with linked list implementation is
Option 1 : O (1) Option 2 : O (log2 n) Option 3 : O (n) Option 4 : O (n log2 n )
Ques 124 : Choose the correct answer
In the following sorting procedures, which one will be the slowest for any given array?
Option 1 : Quick sort Option 2 : Heap sort Option 3 : Merge Sort Option 4 : Bubble sort
Ques 125 : Choose the correct answer
Pankaj stores n data elements in a hash table. He is able to get the best efficiency achievable by a hash table. What is the time complexity of accessing any element from this hash table?
Option 1 : O(1) Option 2 : O(n2) Option 3 : O(log n) Option 4 : O(n)
Ques 126 : Choose the correct answer
Every element of a data structure has an address and a key associated with it. A search mechanism deals with two or more values assigned to the same address by using the key. What is this search mechanism?
Option 1 : Linear Search Option 2 : Binary search Option 3 : Hash Coded Search Option 4 : None of these
Ques 127 : Choose the correct answer
The order of magnitude of the worst case performance of a hash coded search (over N elements) is
Option 1 : N Option 2 : N log2 N Option 3 : log2 N Option 4 : not dependent upon N
Ques 128 : Choose the correct answer
A sorting algorithm traverses through a list, comparing adjacent elements and switching them under certain conditions. What is this sorting algorithm called?
Option 1 : insertion sort Option 2 : heap sort Option 3 : quick sort Option 4 : bubble sort
Ques 129 : Choose the correct answer
A sorting algorithm iteratively traverses through a list to exchange the first element with any element less than it. It then repeats with a new first element. What is this sorting algorithm called?
Option 1 : insertion sort Option 2 : selection sort Option 3 : heap sort Option 4 : quick sort
Ques 130 : Choose the correct answer
A sort which uses the binary tree concept such that any number in the tree is larger than all the numbers in the subtree below it is called
Option 1 : selection sort Option 2 : insertion sort Option 3 : heap sort Option 4 : quick sort
Ques 131 : Choose the correct answer
The average time required to perform a successful sequential search for an element in an array A(1 : n) is given by
Option 1 : (n+1) / 2 Option 2 : log2n Option 3 : n(n+1) / 2 Option 4 : n2
Ques 132 : Choose the correct answer
How many comparisons are needed to sort an array of length 5 if a straight selection sort is used and array is already in the opposite order?
Option 1 : 1 Option 2 : 10 Option 3 : 50 Option 4 : 20
Ques 133 : Choose the correct answer
Queues serve a major role in
Option 1 : simulation of recursion Option 2 : simulation of arbitrary linked list Option 3 : simulation of limited resource allocation Option 4 : expression evaluation
Ques 134 : Choose the correct answer
The average search time of hashing with linear probing will be less if the load factor
Option 1 : is far less than one Option 2 : equals one Option 3 : is far greater than one Option 4 : none of these
Ques 135 : Choose the correct answer
Number of vertices of odd degree in a graph is
Option 1 : is always even Option 2 : always odd Option 3 : either even or odd Option 4 : always zero
Ques 136 : Choose the correct answer
The algorithm design technique used in the quick sort algorithm is
Option 1 : Dynamic programming Option 2 : Back tracking Option 3 : Divide and conquer Option 4 : Greedy Search
Ques 137 : Choose the correct answer
Linked lists are not suitable for
Option 1 : Insertion sort Option 2 : Binary search Option 3 : Queue implementation Option 4 : None of these
Ques 138 : Choose the correct answer
A connected graph is the one which
Option 1 : Cannot be partitioned without removing an edge Option 2 : Can be partitioned without removing an edge Option 3 : does not contain a cycle Option 4 : Has even number of vertices
Ques 139 : Choose the correct answer
Stack is useful for implementing
Option 1 : radix search Option 2 : breadth first search Option 3 : recursion Option 4 : none of these
Ques 140 : Choose the correct answer
Which of the following is useful in traversing a given graph by breadth first search?
Option 1 : stack Option 2 : set Option 3 : list Option 4 : queue
Ques 141 : Choose the correct answer
Which of the following is useful in implementing quick sort?
Option 1 : stack Option 2 : set Option 3 : list Option 4 : queue
Ques 142 : Choose the correct answer
Which of the following abstract data types can be used to represent a many-to-many relation?
Option 1 : Tree Option 2 : Stack Option 3 : Graph Option 4 : Queue
Ques 143 : Choose the correct answer
Two lists, A and B are implemented as singly linked link-lists. The address of the first and last node are stored in variables firstA and lastA for list A and firstB and lastB for list B. Given the address of a node is given in the variable node, the element stored in the node can be accessed by the statement node->data and the address to the next node can be accessed by node->next. Pankaj wants to append list B at end of list A. Which of the following statements should he use?
Option 1 : lastB -> next = firstA Option 2 : lastA = firstB Option 3 : lastA->next = firstB Option 4 : lastB = firstA
Ques 144 : Choose the correct answer
Which of the following sorting algorithms yield approximately the same worst-case and average-case running time behaviour in O (n log n)?
Option 1 : Bubble sort and Selection sort Option 2 : Heap sort and Merge sort Option 3 : Quick sort and Radix sort Option 4 : Tree sort and Median-of-3 Quick sort
Ques 145 : Choose the correct answer
A complete binary tree with 5 levels has how many nodes? (Root is Level 1)
Option 1 : 15 Option 2 : 25 Option 3 : 63 Option 4 : 31
Ques 146 : Choose the correct answer
The maximum number of nodes on level I of a binary tree is which of the following? (Root is Level 1)
Option 1 : 2l-1 Option 2 : 3l-1 Option 3 : 2l Option 4 : 2l - 1
Ques 147 : Choose the correct answer
Consider an array on which bubble sort is used. The bubble sort would compare the   element A[x] to which of the following elements in a single iteration.
Option 1 : A [x+1] Option 2 : A [x+2] Option 3 : A [x+2x] Option 4 : All of these.
Ques 148 : Choose the correct answer
In an implementation of a linked list, each node contains data and address. Which of the following could the address field possibly contain?
Option 1 : Address of next node in sequence Option 2 : It's own address Option 3 : Address of last node Option 4 : Address of first node
Ques 149 : Choose the correct answer
Surbhi wants to implement a particular data structure using a static array. She uses the concept of circular list to implement the data structure, because this allows her to efficiently use all fields of the array. Which data structure is Surbhi implementing?
Option 1 : a stack Option 2 : a queue Option 3 : Binary Tree Option 4 : None of these
Ques 150 : Choose the correct answer
Which of the following is a bad implementation for a queue?
Option 1 : Circular List Option 2 : Doubly linked list Option 3 : Singly linked List Option 4 : Linear Static Array
Ques 151 : Choose the correct answer
Which of the following statements are true about a doubly-linked list?
Option 1 : it may be either linear or circular Option 2 : it must contain a header node Option 3 : it will occupy same memory space as that of linear linked list, both having same number of nodes Option 4 : None of these
Ques 152 : Choose the correct answer
Which of the following data structure may give overflow error, even though the current number of element in it is less than its size ?
Option 1 : Queue implemented in a linear array Option 2 : Queue implemented in a circularly connected array Option 3 : Stack implemented in a linear array Option 4 : none of these
Ques 153 : Choose the correct answer
Number of possible ordered trees with 3 nodes A, B, C is
Option 1 : 16 Option 2 : 12 Option 3 : 13 Option 4 : 14
Ques 154 : Choose the correct answer
The best sorting methods if number of swapping done is the only measure of efficiency is
Option 1 : Bubble sort Option 2 : Selection sort Option 3 : Insertion sort Option 4 : Quick sort
Ques 155 : Choose the correct answer
As part of the maintenance work, you are entrusted with the work of rearranging the library books in a shelf in proper order, at the end of each day. The ideal choice will be
Option 1 : bubble sort Option 2 : insertion sort Option 3 : selection sort Option 4 : heap sort
Ques 156 : Choose the correct answer
A hash table can store a maximum of 10 records. Currently there are records in locations 1, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10. The probability of a new record going into location 2, with a hash function resolving collisions by linear probing is
Option 1 : 0.6 Option 2 : 0.1 Option 3 : 0.2 Option 4 : 0.5
Ques 157 : Choose the correct answer
A full binary tree with n leaves contains
Option 1 : 2n + 1 nodes Option 2 : log2 n nodes Option 3 : 2n - 1 nodes Option 4 : 2n nodes
Ques 158 : Choose the correct answer
An array contains the following elements in order: 7 6 12 30 18. Insertion sort is used to sort the array in ascending order. How many times will an insertion be made?
Option 1 : 2 Option 2 : 3 Option 3 : 4 Option 4 : 5
Ques 159 : Choose the correct answer
An array of 5 numbers has the following entries in order: 7 4 5 10 8. Prashant uses selection sort to sort this array in descending order. What will the array contain after two iterations of selection sort?
Option 1 : 10 8 7 5 4 Option 2 : 10 8 5 7 4 Option 3 : 8 10 5 7 4 Option 4 : None of these
Ques 160 : Choose the correct answer
Srishti writes a program to find an element in the array A[5] with the following elements in order: 8 30 40 45 70. She runs the program to find a number X. X is found in the first iteration of binary search. What is the value of X?
Option 1 : 40 Option 2 : 8 Option 3 : 70 Option 4 : 30
Ques 161 : Choose the correct answer
The array A has n elements. We want to determine the position of X in the array. We know that X is present in the array A and X can be present at any location in the array with equal probability. How many comparisons will be required on average to find the element X using linear search?
Option 1 : n Option 2 : (n+1)/2 Option 3 : 2*n Option 4 : n^2
Ques 162 : Choose the correct answer
A is an empty stack. The following operations are done on it.
PUSH(1)
PUSH(2)
POP
PUSH(5)
PUSH(6)
POP
What will the stack contain after these operations. (Top of the stack is underlined)
Option 1 : 5 6 Option 2 : 1 5 Option 3 : 5 6 Option 4 : 1 5
Ques 163 : Choose the correct answer
A stack is implemented as a linear array A[0…N-1]. Farhan writes the following functions for pushing an element E in to the stack.
function PUSH( top, E, N )
{
  if(X)
  {
    top= top+1
    A[top] = E
  }
  else
  {
    print "Overflow"
  }
  return top
}

Fill in the condition X
Option 1 : top< N Option 2 : top Option 3 : top > 0 Option 4 : top > 1
Ques 164 : Choose the correct answer
A stack is implemented as a linear array A[0…N-1]. Noor writes the following functions for popping an element from the stack.
function POP( top, N )
{
  if(X)
  {
    top = top - 1
  }
  else
  {
    print "Underflow"
  }
  return top
}

Fill in the condition X
Option 1 : top< N-1 Option 2 : top Option 3 : top>1 Option 4 : top >= 0
Ques 165 : Choose the correct answer
Q is an empty queue. The following operations are done on it:
ADD 5
ADD 7
ADD 46
DELETE
ADD 13
DELETE
DELETE
ADD 10
What will be the content of Q after these operations. Front is marked by (F) and Rear is marked by (R).
Option 1 : 10(R) 13(F) Option 2 : 5(R) 10(F) Option 3 : 13(R) 10(F) Option 4 : 10(R) 5(F)
Ques 166 : Choose the correct answer
A queue is implemented as a (singly linked) linked-list for easy addition and deletion of elements. Each node has an element and pointer to another node. Which node will point to empty/no location?
Option 1 : Front Option 2 : Rear Option 3 : Both Option 4 : None of these
Ques 167 : Choose the correct answer
A stack is implemented as a (singly-linked) linked-list, where each node contains data and address of another node. The top node will contain the address of which node?
Option 1 : No node. It will be empty Option 2 : The node containing the first element pushed into the stack. Option 3 : The node containing the element which was pushed just before the top element. Option 4 : None of these
Ques 168 : Choose the correct answer
A queue is implemented by a linear array of size 10 (and not as a circularly connected array). Front and Rear are represented as an index in the array. To add an element, the rear index is incremented and the element is added. To delete an element, the front index is incremented. The following operations are done on an empty queue.
ADD 1; DELETE; ADD 2; ADD 3; ADD 4; DELETE, DELETE
After this set of operations, what is the maximum capacity of the queue?
Option 1 : 6 Option 2 : 7 Option 3 : 10 Option 4 : None of these
Ques 169 : Choose the correct answer
A queue is implemented as a (singly linked) linked-list. Each node has an element and pointer to another node. Rear and Front contain the addresses of the rear and front node respectively. If the condition (rear isequal front) is true and neither is NULL, what do we infer about the linked list?
Option 1 : It has no elements Option 2 : It has one element Option 3 : There is an error Option 4 : None of these
Ques 170 : Choose the correct answer
Jaswinder has a book of tickets and wants to store ticket numbers in a data structure. New tickets are added to the end of the booklet. Ticket at the top of the stack is issued to the customer. Which data structure should Jaswinder use to represent the ticket booklet?
Option 1 : Queue Option 2 : Stack Option 3 : Array Option 4 : Graph